Cisplatin is an antineoplastic drug widely used to treat various types of cancer. Ototoxicity is still cisplatin’s most critical side-effect. Some patients may experience dose limitations due to hearing loss. Pentoxifylline (PX) exhibits powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune-regulatory effects. Our study was designed to investigate the protective effects of pentoxifylline on cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. Forty adult male healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were used through the entire experiment. Four groups of animals were categorized: Group I (control group); Group II (PX group) received 25 mg/kg/day of oral PX by gavage for 8 consecutive days; Group III (Cisplatin group) received cisplatin single intraperitoneal dose of 10 mg/kg; Group IV (PX + Cisplatin group) received 25 mg/kg/day of oral PX by gavage for 8 successive days and a single intraperitoneal dose of 10 mg/kg cisplatin at the 4th day. First and 9th-day Distortiondistortion-product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) tests were conducted. An intracardiac blood sample was collected for total antioxidant capacity (TAC) measurement, and the cochleae of rats were examined histopathologically. A significant reduction in serum TAC value was detected in the cisplatin group, while PX treatment significantly reduced TAC. Cisplatin decreased the DPOAE amplitudes in rats; conversely, the PX+cisplatin group showed a significant increase at all frequencies. Upon histopathological examination, the Ciplastin group revealed perturbation of the normal architecture of the organ of Corti, increased collagen deposition and marked expression of caspase-3, while the PX+cisplatin group revealed preserved architecture of the organ of Corti, minimal collagen deposition and downregulation of Caspase-3 expression. As evidenced by our findings and results from DPOAE results, biochemical findings, histological and ultrastructural analyses, PX significantly protects rats against ototoxicity caused by cisplatin.
Possible ameliorative effects of pentoxifylline on cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in rats: a study with hearing test, light, and scanning electron microscopy
Marwa A. Al-Gholam1, Asmaa S. Moaty2, Ahmed M. Zein-Elabedein2, Asmaa S. Essawy1,3
1 Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
2 Audiovestibular unit, Otolaryngology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
3 Anatomy Department, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
SUMMARY
Eur. J. Anat.
, 26
(1):
95-
106
(2022)
ISSN 2340-311X (Online)
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