Atlas occipitalization is a rare cranio-vertebral anomaly where the atlas fuses with the occipital bone. This study analyzes a detailed case of this condition in the cranium of an adult male from the cranial collection of the Anatomy Department at Universidad Católica del Maule in Talca, Chile. The complete fusion observed, also known as occipitocervical synostosis or atlantooccipital assimilation, involved the upper articular facets of C1 fusing with the occipital condyles. A severe arthritic deformation was noted in the lower right articular facet, measuring 32.5 mm, in contrast to the 17.45 mm left facet. The transverse processes were intact but deteriorated due to taphonomic effects. Asymmetry in the lower articular facets and a leftward deviation of the external occipital crest suggested significant disruption in atlantoaxial joint dynamics. Additionally, the reduced circumference of the occipital foramen indicated potential neural compression.
This study contributes to the fields of morphological sciences and clinical anatomy by providing a thorough description of this rare anomaly. The unique case, with its detailed anatomical and morphometric data, offers valuable insights for future research and surgical planning. Furthermore, the embryological and biomechanical analysis enhances understanding of the clinical implications, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and management of this condition in both academic and clinical settings.
The unique case, with its detailed anatomical and morphometric data, offers valuable insights for future research and surgical planning. Furthermore, the embryological and biomechanical analysis enhances understanding of the clinical implications, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and management of this condition in both academic and clinical settings.
