The prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients has increased amplifying the number of diagnostic, therapeutic interventional procedures and cardiac surgeries. The aim of this study is to examine the impact of age and gender on the morphological characteristics of the right coronary artery (RCA) and coronary dominance among Jordanian population. A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 212 patients with normal coronary arteries on angiograms (127 males and 85 females with their ages ranged from 28 – 81 years) who underwent conventional coronary angiography (CCA) at the catheterization section of the Jordan University Hospital (JUH) from January to July 2021. The RCA length, the origin of the conus branch (CB), the sinoatrial nodal artery (SANA) and the atrioventricular nodal artery (AVNA) and the pattern of coronary dominance were determined.
The results showed no significant impact of age or gender on the RCA morphology. While a significant correlation was noticed between the different patterns of coronary dominance and the age groups with no significant differences being detected between genders. Both the SANA and the AVNA were a branch of the RCA in 48.1% of cases. The long RCA observed in patients who had right dominant (RD) or codominant (CD) enhances the anastomoses and their ability to develop collaterals between arteries.
Recognition of the pattern of coronary dominance gains a great clinical importance. Many variables are correlated with the pattern of coronary circulation that need greater attention by clinicians during their procedures for correct diagnosis and prevention of potential complications.
