TY  - JOUR
A1  - Sanchez-Gonzalez, R. 
A1  - Porteros, A. 
A1  - Santos-Ledo, A. 
A1  - Lara, J. 
A1  - Velasco, A. 
A1  - Aijon, J. 
A1  - Arevalo, R. 
T1  - Developmental expression patterns of acetylcholinesterase and choline acetyltransferase in zebrafish retina
JO  - Eur. J. Anat.
SN  - 1136-4890
Y1  - 2009
VL  - 13
SP  - 133
EP  - 143
UR  - http://www.eurjanat.com/web/paper.php?id=09030133
KW  - acetylcholine
KW  - acetylcholinesterase
KW  - choline acetyltransferase
KW  - cholinergic receptor
KW  - acetylcholine release
KW  - article
KW  - central nervous system
KW  - evolution
KW  - nerve cell differentiation
KW  - nerve cell plasticity
KW  - nonhuman
KW  - optic nerve
KW  - protein expression
KW  - retina
KW  - retina amacrine cell
KW  - retina development
KW  - retina ganglion cell
KW  - zebra fish
N2  - During recent years a key role as morphogen has been postulated for the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the developing Central Nervous System. Acetylcholine released from growing axons regulates growth, differentiation and plasticity. The acetylcholine distribution is frequently defined by acetylcholinesterase and choline acetyltransferase expression patterns. The cholinergic/cholinoceptive system in the adult zebrafish retina has been described. Nevertheless, there are no data regarding the developing retina. The acetylcholinesterase and choline acetyltransferase distribution patterns during zebrafish retinal development are very similar. In both cases the first positive elements appear in the plexiform layers and in later stages reactive amacrine cells have been observed in the ganglion cell layer and inner nuclear layer. In the adult retina a cholinergic and cholinoceptive neuropile band is observed in the inner plexiform layer. Displaced amacrine cells and amacrine cells positive to both markers have been observed. Transient expressions of choline acetyltransferase in the optic nerve and outer plexiform layer and of acetylcholinesterase in amacrine cells and displaced amacrine cells are observed during retinal development coinciding with the arrangement of the pioneering retinal projections into the optic tectum. The mature distribution pattern of the cholinergic/ cholinoceptive system in the adult retina is conserved along the phylogenetic scale, thus it seems to be a primary feature acquired relatively early during the evolution of vertebrates.
ER  -