TY  - JOUR
A1  - ,  
T1  - Anatomical variations in the coronary arteries. II. Less prevalent variations: Coronary anomalies
JO  - Eur. J. Anat.
SN  - 1136-4890
Y1  - 2004
VL  - 8
SP  - 39
EP  - 53
UR  - http://www.eurjanat.com/web/paper.php?id=04010039
KW  - anatomical variation
KW  - angiocardiography
KW  - aorta sinus
KW  - atresia
KW  - autopsy
KW  - blood vessel fistula
KW  - congenital blood vessel malformation
KW  - congenital intercoronary continuity
KW  - coronary artery anomaly
KW  - coronary artery circumflex branch
KW  - diagnostic imaging
KW  - human
KW  - incidence
KW  - prevalence
KW  - quality of life
KW  - review
KW  - survival
N2  - With the introduction of new surgical procedures an the development of new techniques of cardiac imaging, the normal anatomy, variations and anomalies of coronary arteries have assumed new significance. The coronary arteries may present several variations, in terms of both number and position. The incidence of all coronary anomalies is 0.23% in autopsy series and ranges between 0.3% and 12% in angiographic series. Variations with a prevalence in the general population of less than 1% are therefore considered as coronary anomalies, and in many cases, their presence affects or may affect the subject's quality of life and even their survival. The coronary anomalies of the main coronary arteries are described following a criteria based on the origin of the anomalous vessel: ectopic aortic origin, origin from the pulmonary artery or origin from a systemic artery. Finally, the congenital coronary continuity and the coronary fistulas are reviewed.
ER  -